Izindaba

1. Iyini imisebenzi yezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-geogrid
Njengento evame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komgwaqo, ama-geogrids adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni komgwaqo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-geogrid nawo ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezahlukene.Namuhla sizokwethula indima yezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-geogrid.
Kunezinhlobo ezine zama-geogrid.Ake sizethule:
1. Umsebenzi we-plastic geogrid we-unidirectional:
I-Uniaxial tensile geogrid iwumthombo oqinile we-geosynthetic.Isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-embankment, umhubhe, i-wharf, umgwaqo omkhulu, ujantshi, ukwakhiwa kanye neminye imikhakha.Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kungokulandelayo: qinisa i-subgrade, ukusabalalisa ngempumelelo umthwalo wokusabalalisa, ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kanye nekhono lokuthwala le-subgrade, nokwandisa impilo yesevisi.Ingakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo omkhulu oshintshanayo.Vimbela ukuwohloka kwe-subgrade kanye nokuqhekeka okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo.Ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa umthamo wokuzithwala wokugcwalisa ngemuva kodonga olubambayo, ukunciphisa ukucindezela komhlaba odongeni olugcinayo, isindise izindleko, yandise impilo yesevisi, futhi inciphise izindleko zokulondoloza.Kuhlanganiswe nendlela yokwakha ukhonkolo we-shotcrete kanye ne-anchor, ukunakekelwa kwemithambeka akukwazi nje ukonga u-30% - 50% we-investimenti, kodwa futhi kufinyeze isikhathi sokwakha ngokuphindwe kabili.Ukwengeza ama-geogrid kungqimba olungaphansi nolwengaphezulu lomgwaqo omkhulu kunganciphisa ukuchezuka, kunciphise ukurutha, kubambezele isikhathi sokwenzeka kokuqhekeka izikhathi ezi-3-9, futhi kunciphise ukujiya kongqimba lwesakhiwo ngo-36%.Isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinto ezivela kwezinye izindawo, futhi yonga umsebenzi nesikhathi.Ukwakhiwa kulula futhi kuyashesha, okunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokwakha.Isandiso esihlangene se-geogrid, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi.

2. Iqhaza le-geogrid yepulasitiki enezindlela ezimbili:
Khulisa umthamo wokuthwala wesisekelo somgwaqo (umhlabathi) futhi unwebe impilo yesevisi yesisekelo somgwaqo (umhlabathi).Vimbela ukubhidlika noma ukuqhekeka komgwaqo (umhlabathi) futhi ugcine umhlabathi muhle futhi ucocekile.Ukwakhiwa okulula, ukonga isikhathi, ukonga umsebenzi, kufinyeza isikhathi sokwakha futhi kunciphise izindleko zokulungisa.Vimbela i-culvert ukuthi ingaqhekeki.Qinisa ukuthambeka komhlabathi futhi uvimbele ukulahleka kwamanzi nomhlabathi.Yehlisa ukushuba komcamelo futhi wonge izindleko.Sekela indawo yokutshala ezinzile yocansi lokutshala utshani emthambekeni.Ingangena esikhundleni se-mesh yensimbi futhi isetshenziselwe ukwakhiwa kwe-roof mesh emayini yamalahle.
3. Iqhaza le-steel-plastic geogrid:
Isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yokuqinisa isisekelo senhlabathi ethambile, ubunjiniyela bokuqina bodonga kanye ne-pavement ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwemigwaqo enguthelawayeka, izitimela, ama-abutments, izindlela, ama-wharves, ukubuyiselwa kwemali, amadamu, amayadi e-slag, njll.
4. Umsebenzi we-glass fibre geogrid:
Umgwaqo omdala we-asphalt ukhonkolo uqiniswa ukuze uqinise indawo ye-asphalt nokuvimbela izifo.Indawo egandaywe ngosimende yakhiwe kabusha ibe indawo egandayiwe eyinhlanganisela ukuvimbela imifantu ebonisa ukukhanya okubangelwa ukushwabana kwamapuleti.Imisebenzi yokwandiswa nokwakhiwa kabusha komgwaqo, ukuvimbela imifantu ebangelwa ukuhlangana okusha nokudala kanye nokuhlaliswa kwabantu okungalingani.Ukwelashwa okuqiniswayo kwesisekelo senhlabathi ethambile kuhambisana nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi ethambile, ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlaliswa, ukusabalalisa ukucindezeleka okufanayo, nokuthuthukisa amandla jikelele we-subgrade.Isisekelo esiqinile somgwaqo omusha sikhiqiza imifantu enciphayo, futhi ukuqinisa kusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka komgwaqo okubangelwa ukubonakaliswa kwemifantu yesisekelo.

2. Kuhle kangakanani ukusebenza kwe-geogrid okulwa nokukhathala
I-Geogrid isebenzisa i-polyester fiber enamandla amakhulu noma i-polypropylene fiber njengempahla eluhlaza, yamukela isakhiwo esiqondisayo sokuluka sokuluka, futhi izintambo ezinqamulayo neze-weft endwangu azigobi, futhi ukuphambana kwemigwaqo kuboshwe futhi kuhlanganiswe nefilament enamandla amakhulu ukuze kwakhe iphuzu eliqinile lokubophezela, elinikeza ukudlala okugcwele ezicini zayo zemishini.Ngakho-ke uyazi ukuthi kuhle kangakanani ukumelana kwayo nokukhathala?
Umthelela oyinhloko wembondela ye-asphalt endaweni egandaywe ngokhonkolo yakudala uwukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokusebenzisa umgwaqo, kodwa unomnikelo omncane emthelela wokuthwala.Indawo egandaywe ngokhonkolo eqinile ngaphansi kwembondela isadlala umthelela obalulekile.I-asphalt embozwe endaweni egandaywe kakhonkolo endala ye-asphalt ihlukile.Imbondela ye-asphalt izothwala umthwalo kanye nendawo egandaywe kakhonkolo endala.Ngakho-ke, ukumbozwa kwe-asphalt emgwaqeni wekhonkrithi we-asphalt ngeke nje kubonise imifantu yokucabangela, kodwa futhi kubonise ukuqhekeka kokukhathala ngenxa yomphumela wesikhathi eside womthwalo.Ake sihlaziye isimo sokulayisha sokumbozwa kwe-asphalt endaweni egandayiwe ye-asphalt yekhonkrithi endala: ngoba i-asphalt imbondela iyingqimba engaphezulu eguquguqukayo enempahla efanayo ne-asphalt imbondela, lapho ingaphansi komphumela womthwalo, i-pavement izoba nokuphambuka.Imbondela ye-asphalt ethinta isondo ngokuqondile ingaphansi kwengcindezi, futhi indawo engaphezulu ingaphansi kwamandla aqinile endaweni engaphandle kwemajini yomthwalo wesondo.Ngenxa yokuthi izakhiwo zamandla ezindawo ezimbili zokucindezeleka zihlukile futhi zisondelene, kulula ukonakala lapho kuhlangana khona izindawo ezimbili zokucindezeleka, okungukuthi ukushintsha kwamandla okungazelelwe.Ngaphansi komphumela womthwalo wesikhathi eside, ukuqhekeka kokukhathala kwenzeka.
I-Geogrid ingahlakaza ingcindezi ecindezelayo engenhla kanye nokucindezeleka okuqinile kokumbondelana kwe-asphalt ukuze yakhe indawo ye-buffer phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zokucindezeleka, lapho ukucindezeleka kushintsha kancane kancane kunokuba kungazelelwe, kunciphisa umonakalo wokucindezeleka ukuguquka kungazelelwe ku-asphalt imbondela.Ubude obuphansi be-fiber geogrid yengilazi kunciphisa ukuchezuka kwendlela egandayiwe futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umgwaqo ngeke ube nokuguquguquka.
I-geogrid ye-unidirectional ikhishwa ibe amashidi amancane nge-polymer (i-polypropylene PP noma i-polyethylene HDPE), bese ishaywa kunethiwekhi yembobo evamile, bese yelulelwa ubude.Kule nqubo, i-polymer isesimweni somugqa, yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi eside esiyi-elliptical ngokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kanye namandla aphezulu e-node.
Igridi ye-unidirectional iwuhlobo lwezinto eziqinile ze-geosynthetic, ezingahlukaniswa zibe igridi ye-polypropylene engaqondile kanye negridi ye-polyethylene engaqondile.
I-Uniaxial tensile geogrid iwuhlobo lwe-geotextile enamandla amakhulu ene-polymer yamangqamuzana aphezulu njengempahla eluhlaza eyinhloko, engezwe ngama-anti ultraviolet nama-anti-aging agents.Ngemuva kwe-uniaxial tension, ama-molecule okuqala asabalalisiwe aqondiswa kabusha kusimo somugqa, bese ekhishwa abe yipuleti elincanyana, elithinta inetha elivamile, bese anduleka ngobude.Isayensi Yezinto Ezibalulekile.
Kule nqubo, i-polymer iqondiswa isimo somugqa, yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi eside esiyi-elliptical ngokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kanye namandla aphezulu e-node.Lesi sakhiwo sinamandla aphezulu kakhulu okudonsa kanye ne-tensile modulus.Amandla aqinile yi-100-200Mpa, eseduze nezinga le-carbon steel ephansi, futhi ingcono kakhulu kunezinto zokuqinisa zendabuko noma ezikhona.
Ikakhulukazi, lo mkhiqizo unezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lasekuqaleni lamazwe ngamazwe (ubude obungu-2% - 5%) amandla okuqina kanye ne-tensile modulus.Inikeza uhlelo olufanele lokuzibophezela kwenhlabathi nokusabalalisa.Lo mkhiqizo unamandla amakhulu okudonsa (>150Mpa) futhi ulungele zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi.Kuyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi eqinisayo njengamanje.Izici zayo eziyinhloko amandla aqinile, ukusebenza kahle kwe-creep, ukwakhiwa okulula kanye nenani eliphansi.