Izindaba

Izibani zokuhlinza ezingenathunzi zingamathuluzi okukhanyisa abalulekile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Okokusebenza okuqeqeshiwe, ezinye izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile kufanele zihlangabezane namazinga ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zethu zokusebenzisa.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba nokukhanya okwanele. Ukukhanya kwesibani esingenathunzi sokuhlinzwa kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwe-150000 LUX, eseduze nokukhanya ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga ngezinsuku ezinelanga ehlobo. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwangempela okusetshenzisiwe ngokuvamile kulungele phakathi kuka-40000 no-100000 LUX. Uma ikhanya kakhulu, izophazamisa ukubona. Amalambu okuhlinza angenathunzi kufanele anikeze ukukhanya okwanele kuyilapho futhi egwema ukubenyezela okuvela kumsebe kumathuluzi okuhlinza. Ukucwebezela kungase kuthinte umbono nombono, kubangele kalula ukukhathala kwamehlo kodokotela futhi kuvimbele izinqubo zokuhlinzwa. Ukukhanya kwesibani esingenathunzi sokuhlinzwa akufanele kuhluke kakhulu ekukhanyeni okuvamile ekamelweni lokuhlinza. Ezinye izindinganiso zokukhanyisa zicacisa ukuthi ukukhanya okuphelele kufanele kube ingxenye eyodwa kweshumi yokukhanya kwendawo. Ukukhanya okuphelele kwegumbi lokusebenza kufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-1000LUX.

Okwesibili, izinga elingenathunzi lesibani esingenathunzi sokuhlinzwa kufanele libe phezulu, okuyisici esibalulekile kanye nenkomba yokusebenza kwesibani esingenathunzi sokuhlinzwa. Noma isiphi isithunzi esakhiwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokubuka yokuhlinzwa sizophazamisa ukubhekwa kukadokotela, ukwahlulela, nokuhlinzwa. Isibani esihle sokuhlinza esingenathunzi akufanele sinikeze ukukhanya okwanele kuphela, kodwa futhi sibe namandla aphezulu angenathunzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izicubu ezingaphezulu nezijulile zomkhakha wokuhlinza zinezinga elithile lokukhanya.
Ngenxa yokusakazwa kokukhanya ngomugqa, lapho ukukhanya kukhanya entweni e-opaque, kuzokwakheka isithunzi ngemva kwento. Izithunzi ziyahlukahluka ezindaweni ezahlukene nangezikhathi ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ithunzi lomuntu ofanayo ekukhanyeni kwelanga lide ekuseni futhi lifushane emini.
Ngokubheka, singabona ukuthi isithunzi sento engaphansi kokukhanya kukagesi simnyama ikakhulukazi phakathi futhi asishoni kancane nxazonke. Ingxenye emnyama ikakhulukazi phakathi nesithunzi ibizwa ngokuthi i-umbra, futhi ingxenye emnyama ezungezile ibizwa ngokuthi i-penumbra. Ukwenzeka kwalezi zenzakalo kuhlobene eduze nomgomo wokusakazeka kokukhanya ngomugqa. Imfihlakalo ingadalulwa ngokuhlolwa okulandelayo.

Sibeka inkomishi ekhanyayo phezu kwetafula elivundlile bese sikhanyisa ikhandlela eduze kwayo, siphonsa isithunzi esicacile ngemuva kwendebe. Uma amakhandlela amabili ekhanyiswa eduze kwenkomishi, kuzokwakhiwa izithunzi ezimbili ezeqeqenayo kodwa ezingagqagqani. Ingxenye egqagqene yezithunzi ezimbili izoba mnyama ngokuphelele, ngakho izoba mnyama ngokuphelele. Lesi isambulela; Indawo kuphela eduze kwalesi sithunzi engakhanyiswa ikhandlela yisigamu esimnyama esiyingxenye yesithunzi. Uma kukhanyiswa amakhandlela amathathu noma amane noma ngaphezulu, i-umbra izoncipha kancane kancane, futhi i-penumbra izovela ezingxenyeni eziningi futhi kancane kancane ibe mnyama.
Isimiso esifanayo sisebenza ezintweni ezingakhiqiza izithunzi ezakhiwe i-umbra ne-penumbra ngaphansi kokukhanya kukagesi. Isibani sikagesi sikhipha ukukhanya entanjeni egobile, futhi indawo yokukhishwa ayikhawulelwe endaweni eyodwa. Ukukhanya okuphuma endaweni ethile kuvinjwe into, kuyilapho ukukhanya okuphuma kwamanye amaphuzu kungase kungavimbeki ngempela. Ngokusobala, indawo enkulu yomzimba okhanyayo, i-umbra encane. Uma sikhanyisa indilinga yamakhandlela ezungeze indebe okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, i-umbra izonyamalala futhi i-penumbra izoba buthaka kangangokuthi ingabonakali.